Exercise and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Accredited Exercise Physiologists are well placed to assist individuals with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to work towards their Health and Wellbeing goals, and assist in the management of symptoms.

 

Exercise Physiologists Help Motor Skill Development in Autism Spectrum Disorder

There is now overwhelming research showing the impact that exercise can have on people with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Accredited Exercise Physiologists - who study at University for over 4 years - can be a wonderful tool to ensure that exercise is safe, effective and most importantly, fun!

 
 
 

Exercise Physiologists Help Motor Skill Development in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by unique challenges in social interaction, communication, and the presence of restricted or repetitive behaviors. Every individual with ASD experiences a distinct blend of strengths and challenges, making it a spectrum of infinite possibilities. Additional co-occurring conditions such as anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or sensory processing issues may also accompany ASD.

Exercise Physiology Can Help With:

Reducing stereotypic behaviours

Improved verbal and nonverbal communication skills

Improved academic engagement

Improving cardiovascular fitness

Improve strength, balance, flexibility

Fine + Global motor skill development

The Transformative Benefits of Exercise Physiology for Autism Spectrum

Extensive research indicates that exercise can offer a multitude of benefits for individuals with autism. Engaging in regular physical activity can:

  1. Enhance Motor Skills: Exercise empowers individuals with autism to improve gross and fine motor skills, coordination, balance, and overall physical fitness.

  2. Support Sensory Integration: By incorporating exercise activities, we help regulate sensory processing, reduce sensitivities, and foster sensory integration in individuals with autism.

  3. Cultivate Social Skills: Group-based exercise programs create environments where social interaction, cooperation, and communication thrive, contributing to the development of vital social skills.

  4. Alleviate Anxiety and Boost Mood: Through the release of endorphins, exercise acts as a natural antidote, reducing anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms often experienced by individuals with autism.

  5. Amplify Cognitive Function: Exercise has a profound impact on attention, executive functions, and academic performance, offering tremendous potential for individuals with autism who may face challenges in these areas.

Incorporating Exercise in Autism Intervention

Implementing exercise as part of a comprehensive autism intervention plan can greatly enhance its effectiveness. When designing exercise programs for individuals with autism, it's important to consider their unique needs, preferences, and sensory profiles. Here are some key considerations that we will discuss:

  1. Individualized approach: Each person with autism is unique, and exercise programs should be tailored to their specific abilities, interests, and goals.

  2. Sensory considerations: Understand and accommodate sensory sensitivities, such as providing a quiet or low-stimulus environment, using visual supports, or incorporating sensory breaks during exercise sessions.

  3. Structured routines: Individuals with autism often benefit from structured routines. Establish a consistent exercise schedule and provide clear instructions and visual supports to help them understand and follow the routine.

  4. Visual supports and social stories: Visual aids and social stories can help individuals with autism understand the purpose, expectations, and steps involved in an exercise program.

  5. Gradual progression: Start with activities that match the individual's current abilities and gradually increase the intensity or complexity of exercises over time.

  6. Inclusive environments: Encourage participation in inclusive community-based programs and activities, promoting social interaction and acceptance among peers.

Common Questions from Parents & Caregivers

  • Exercise physiology is the study of how the body responds and adapts to physical activity and exercise. When applied to individuals with autism, it explores the impact of exercise on their physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being.

  • Exercise offers numerous benefits for individuals with autism, including improved motor skills, enhanced sensory integration, enhanced social skills, reduced anxiety, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive function.

  • Engaging in physical activity and exercise helps individuals with autism improve their gross and fine motor skills, coordination, balance, and overall physical fitness

  • Yes, exercise can support sensory integration in individuals with autism. By regulating sensory processing and reducing sensitivities, it can help individuals better navigate their sensory environment.

  • The type of exercise should be tailored to the individual's abilities, interests, and goals. It can include activities such as walking, running, swimming, cycling, yoga, dance, and team sports, depending on the individual's preferences and capabilities.

  • Participating in group-based exercise programs provides opportunities for social interaction, cooperation, and communication. These experiences can help foster the development of social skills in individuals with autism.

  • Yes, exercise promotes the release of endorphins, which are natural "feel-good" hormones. This can help reduce anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms often experienced by individuals with autism.

Register Your Interest

References:

  • Pan, C. Y. (2010). Objectively measured physical activity between children with autism spectrum disorders and children without disabilities during inclusive recess settings in Taiwan. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(12), 1381-1389.

  • Sowa, M., & Meulenbroek, R. (2012). Effects of physical exercise on autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 46-57.

  • Bremer, E., Crozier, M., & Lloyd, M. (2016). A systematic review of the behavioural outcomes following exercise interventions for children and youth with autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 20(8), 899-915.

  • Lang, R., Koegel, L. K., Ashbaugh, K., Regester, A., Ence, W., & Smith, W. (2010). Physical exercise and individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4(4), 565-576.

  • Srinivasan, S. M., Pescatello, L. S., & Bhat, A. N. (2014). Current perspectives on physical activity and exercise recommendations for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Physical Therapy, 94(6), 875-889.

  • Fournier, K. A., Hass, C. J., Naik, S. K., Lodha, N., & Cauraugh, J. H. (2010). Motor coordination in autism spectrum disorders: A synthesis and meta-analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(10), 1227-1240.

  • Memari, A. H., Ghanouni, P., Shayestehfar, M., Ziaee, V., Moshayedi, P., & Mirfazeli, F. S. (2015). Effects of visual-motor and treadmill exercise trainings on neuromotor performance and learning of children with autism spectrum disorder. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 53(3), 179-190.

  • Pan, C. Y. (2008). Effects of water exercise swimming program on aquatic skills and social behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism, 12(6), 601-612.

  • Seidel, M., McClelland, M. M., & Roskos, K. (2017). A longitudinal study of physical activity and gross motor skills in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1705.

  • Bremer, E., & Balogh, R. (2013). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the antecedents and correlates of physical activity in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(7), 1606-1622.